Pharaohs

Pharaohs, the supreme leaders of ancient Egypt, were considered to be gods. They ruled over the entire land and were responsible for everyone in their kingdom.

There are four important pharaohs to remember: Khufu, Senusret I, Hatshepsut, and Ramses II.

Pharaoh Khufu

Known as the Pyramid Builder, he built the The Great Pyramid at Giza. He made himself a central authority figure by creating a loyal group of government officials to help him lead and declaring himself a god.

Pharaoh Senusret I

His greatest accomplishments were in religious architecture such as temples, shrines, and monuments. It was during his reign that jewelry became popular and the greatest Egyptian literature was recorded.

Pharaoh Hatshepsut

Her greatest accomplishment was gaining power as a woman to become the first female pharaoh. During her rule, trade increased between Egypt and other countries such as the African kingdom of Punt.

Ramses II

As a master builder, Ramses the Great built more temples and monuments than any other pharaoh. As a military leader, he was strong and fearless, becoming a captain at age 10 and fighting against the Hittites who he later signed a peace treaty with. He reigned for 60 years, longer than most pharaohs and was one of the best-preserved mummies ever found (gross!).

Reflections

What makes a good leader?

Think about the list you created in class of qualities that a good leader has. Do any of these qualities apply to the pharaohs you've studied?

Also, can you think of a leader we are all familiar with that either does or does not have this quality?

Importance

Which of these four pharaohs do you think was the most important and why?

Think that you would be a great pharaoh?

Try this quiz and find out. Click here!

Did you learn anything new about the life of an ancient Egyptian pharaohs?